Pagans mark the annual cycle of the Sun by four points:the Solstices, seasons of 'Lith' at midsummer and 'Yule' at midwinter and the Equinoxes in Spring and Autumn. There are also ancient pagan fire festivals to mark four mid points between these.
Imbolc; candles are lighted in the dark to mark the new strengthening of the Sun after Winter, (Imbolg – Irish for ‘in the belly’)
Beltane, (tr. ‘bright fire’) the bold fires of Spring,
Lughnasadh; with sacrifice to the sky god, campfires and barbecues. Samhain, when the Autumn bonfires burn off decaying vegetation and blaze against the dying of the light.

Moon years, Sun Years and the Great Year

The moon’s cycle slips back and forth in her relation to these Sun festivals. Imbolc corresponds to the Feb. 1st or 2nd in the Gregorian calendar, during the ‘Sun’s Moon’
November 5th falls in the ‘Moon of Blood’
Easter follows the full moon of the ‘Moon of Eggs’
Lughnasad or Lammas is celebrated in the ‘Sky’s Moon’

There is a ‘Great Year’ cycle of nineteen years, where solar and lunar times catch up with each other. This includes about seven extra moons over the nineteen years. So in some years an extra moon makes a longer Summer or Winter, to keep the moons in synchrony with the Sun’s cycle. This is called ‘intercalation’.

These gods and the days that they honour have been given many names, in different cultures. You will see that it is these Germanic deities which most English calendars use today in a slightly distorted form, except they retain Roman Saturn for Saturday. French days of the week on the other hand are closer to Latin